Kane-Mele 模型
Hamiltonian
$$
H=t\sum_{
kane-mele模型考虑了以下作用:
- 最近邻跃迁
- 本征自旋轨道耦合
- Rashba自旋轨道耦合
- 子晶格项(质量项/onsite energy)
0. 定义
$$
\boldsymbol{a}_1=a(-\frac{1}{2},\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}),\boldsymbol{a}_2=a(\frac{1}{2},\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2})
$$
$\boldsymbol{a}_1,\boldsymbol{a}_2$是原始向量^1,$a$是A原子到A原子的距离。
从B到A原子的矢量是: $$ \delta_1=\frac{a}{\sqrt{3}}(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},\frac{1}{2}),\delta_2=\frac{a}{\sqrt{3}}(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},\frac{1}{2}),\delta_3=\frac{a}{\sqrt{3}}(0,-1) $$ 所以有: $$ \bold{a}_1=\delta_1-\delta_3=\frac{a}{\sqrt{3}}(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},\frac{1}{2})-\frac{a}{\sqrt{3}}(0,-1)=a(-\frac{1}{2},\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}), \\ \bold{a}_2=\delta_2-\delta_3=\frac{a}{\sqrt{3}}(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},\frac{1}{2})-\frac{a}{\sqrt{3}}(0,-1)=a(\frac{1}{2},\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}) $$
1. 最近邻跃迁
在${{\Psi_{kA\uparrow},\Psi_{kB\uparrow},\Psi_{kA\downarrow},\Psi_{kB\downarrow}}}$的basis下,
$$
t\sum_{